# Шаблон розгортання — Агент

> Надсилання сигналів до колекторів і звідти до бекендів

---

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/llms.txt)

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У моделі розгортання агентів сигнали телеметрії можуть надходити з

- Застосунків [інструментованих][instrumentation] а допомогою OpenTelemetry SDK з використанням [протоколу OpenTelemetry (OTLP)][otlp].
- Колекторів (з використанням OTLP експортера).

Сигнали надсилаються до екземпляра [Collector][collector], який працює разом із застосунком або на тому самому хості, наприклад, у вигляді sidecar або DaemonSet.

Кожен SDK на стороні клієнта або підлеглий (downstream) Колектор налаштовується з урахуванням адреси екземпляра Колектора:

![Концепція децентралізованого розгортання колектора](../../img/otel-agent-sdk.svg)

1. У застосунку SDK налаштований на надсилання даних OTLP до колектора.
2. Колектор налаштований на надсилання даних телеметрії до одного або більше бекендів.

## Приклад {#example}

У цьому прикладі шаблону розгортання агента почніть з ручного інструментування [Java-застосунку для експорту метрик][instrument-java-metrics] за допомогою OpenTelemetry Java SDK, включаючи стандартне значення `OTEL_METRICS_EXPORTER`, `otlp`. Далі налаштуйте [експортер OTLP][otlp-exporter] з адресою вашого колектора. Наприклад:

```shell
export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT=http://collector.example.com:4318
```

Далі налаштуйте колектор, що працює за адресою `collector.example.com:4318`, наступним чином:

    <ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="tabs-0" role="tablist">
  <li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link active"
          id="tabs-00-00-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-00-00" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="трейси" aria-controls="tabs-00-00" aria-selected="true">
        Трейси
      </button>
    </li><li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link"
          id="tabs-00-01-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-00-01" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="метрики" aria-controls="tabs-00-01" aria-selected="false">
        Метрики
      </button>
    </li><li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link"
          id="tabs-00-02-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-00-02" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="логи" aria-controls="tabs-00-02" aria-selected="false">
        Логи
      </button>
    </li>
</ul>

<div class="tab-content" id="tabs-0-content">
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade show active"
        id="tabs-00-00" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-00-00-tab" tabindex="0">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">otlp</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># OTLP приймач, до якого застосунок надсилає трейси</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">protocols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">endpoint</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.0.0.0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="m">4318</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">otlp/jaeger</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># Jaeger підтримує OTLP безпосередньо</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">endpoint</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">https://jaeger.example.com:4317</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">sending_queue</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">batch</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">pipelines</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">traces/dev</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">otlp]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">otlp/jaeger]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade"
        id="tabs-00-01" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-00-01-tab" tabindex="0">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">otlp</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># OTLP приймач, до якого застосунок надсилає метрики</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">protocols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">endpoint</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.0.0.0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="m">4318</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">prometheusremotewrite</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># PRW експортер, для передачі метрик до бекенду</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">endpoint</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">https://prw.example.com/v1/api/remote_write</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">sending_queue</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">batch</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">pipelines</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">metrics/prod</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">otlp]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">prometheusremotewrite]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade"
        id="tabs-00-02" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-00-02-tab" tabindex="0">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">otlp</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># OTLP приймач, до якого застосунок надсилає логи</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">protocols</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">endpoint</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.0.0.0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="m">4318</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># File експортер, для передачі логів до локального файлу</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">./app42_example.log</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">rotation</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">pipelines</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">logs/dev</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">receivers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">otlp]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">exporters</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="l">file]</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
</div>


Щоб докладно ознайомитися з цією схемою, див. приклади [Java][java-otlp-example] або [Python][py-otlp-example].

## Компроміси {#trade-offs}

Переваги:

- Простий початок роботи
- Чітке 1:1 зіставлення між застосунком та колектором

Недоліки:

- Обмежена масштабованість для команд та інфраструктурних ресурсів
- Негнучкість для складних або мінливих розгортань

[instrumentation]: /docs/languages/
[otlp]: /docs/specs/otel/protocol/
[collector]: /docs/collector/
[instrument-java-metrics]: /docs/languages/java/api/#meterprovider
[otlp-exporter]: /docs/specs/otel/protocol/exporter/
[java-otlp-example]: https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java-docs/tree/main/otlp
[py-otlp-example]: https://opentelemetry-python.readthedocs.io/en/stable/examples/metrics/instruments/README.html
